斯密强调劳动分工是国家财富的主要来源，他声称“劳动生产力的最大进步，以及技能、灵巧和判断力的大部分”是通过劳动分工实现的(G. ed, p. 14)。具体来说，斯密主要将劳动分工定义为有意识的实践，将生产过程划分为各个部分，由具有专门技能的工人完成。一般来说，斯密认为劳动分工有三个主要后果。首先，史密斯认为劳动分工将使工人工作更有效率和更有成效，因为劳动专业化可以导致生产率的提高。与此同时，劳动分工也将有助于提高工人在市场上的自主权和权力，因为工人能够在市场上找到足够的机会。此外，劳动分工对社会财富的发展也有积极的影响。马克思和恩格斯介绍了历史上的生产方式，试图探讨劳动分工对工人的影响。具体来说，马克思指出，在资本主义经济中，劳动分工主要定义了分配给工人和资本家的特定角色，因为工人被迫与资本家以劳动换取金钱(第205页)。一方面，马克思和恩格斯承认劳动分工在提高生产力方面的作用。马克思、恩格斯认为，劳动分工是资本家剥削劳动者的工具。斯密可能会对马克思和恩格斯的批评作出回应，指出劳动分工在促进经济发展方面具有直接和现实的意义。斯密强调劳动分工是国家财富的主要来源，他声称“劳动生产力的最大进步，以及技能、灵巧和判断力的大部分”是通过劳动分工实现的(G. ed, p. 14)。具体来说，斯密主要将劳动分工定义为有意识的实践，将生产过程划分为各个部分，由具有专门技能的工人完成。在这方面，劳动分工的主要目的是让工人对生产的各个部分负责，而不是完成整个生产过程。史密斯以制针为有力的例子来说明劳动分工如何有助于提高工人的生产力。传统上，制针需要工匠掌握各种技能，因为生产过程非常复杂。结果，生产效率明显低下，因为能够管理整个生产过程的工匠更少了。通过分工，制针可以分为几个部分，工人负责不同的部分。因此，工人们可以通过协调他们与他人的工作，每天生产成千上万个别针。
加拿大留学生代写:劳动分工
Smith highlights the division of labor as a major source of the wealth of nations, claiming that “the greatest improvements in the productive powers of labor, and the greater part of the skill, dexterity, and judgment” are realized by the division of labor (G. ed, p. 14). Specifically, Smith mainly defines the division of labor as conscious practices that divide the production process into individual parts that are to be completed by workers with specialized skills. Generally, Smith believes that the division of labor can have three major consequences. First, Smith thinks that the division of labor will enable workers to work more efficiently and productively, because the specialization of labor can lead to increased productivity. Meanwhile, the division of labor will also contribute to the development of increased autonomy and power of workers in the market, because workers are able to find adequate opportunities in the market. Furthermore, the division of labor also has positive implications for the development of social wealth. Marx and Engels introduce the historical mode of production in an attempt to explore the effects of the division of labor over workers. Specifically, Marx points out that the division of labor mainly defines particular roles assigned to workers and capitalists in the capitalist economy, as workers are forced to trade their labor with capitalists for money (p. 205). One the one hand, Marx and Engels acknowledge the role of the division of labor in increasing productivity. Marx and Engels conclude that the division of labor serves as a tool for the capitalists to exploit laborers. Smith might responds to the criticisms of Marx and Engels by pointing out that the division of labor can have direct and realistic implications in facilitating economic development.Smith highlights the division of labor as a major source of the wealth of nations, claiming that “the greatest improvements in the productive powers of labor, and the greater part of the skill, dexterity, and judgment” are realized by the division of labor (G. ed, p. 14). Specifically, Smith mainly defines the division of labor as conscious practices that divide the production process into individual parts that are to be completed by workers with specialized skills. In this aspect, the division of labor mainly aims at allowing workers to be responsible for individual parts of the production instead of completing the whole production process. Smith uses the pin-making as a potent example to demonstrate how the division of labor contributes to the increase of productivity of workers. Traditionally, pin-making requires artisans to master various skills, because the production process is much complicated. As a result, the productivity is notably low, because fewer artisans can manage the whole production process. With the division of labor, pin-making can be divided into several parts with workers responsible for different parts. Thus, workers are able to make thousands of pins one day through coordinating their work with others.
